Expert Insights from Dr. Kotzé, Specialist Hand and Peripheral Nerve Surgeon.
Winter in Cape Town often brings cold, damp weather, and many people find that their hands and finger joints feel stiffer or sore during these months.
What does the cold weather do to our joints?
Research suggests that changes in temperature and barometric pressure might affect joint discomfort. The exact mechanisms aren’t fully understood. Our joints are lined with synovial fluid, which provides lubrication for smooth movement. In colder weather or when barometric pressure drops, this fluid can become more viscous, which increases joint pressure and contributes to pain.
Additionally, the synovial membrane that produces this fluid is highly vascular, and its blood vessels can constrict in response to cold, potentially reducing circulation and affecting the body’s ability to manage pain signals.
Is it arthritis, or just seasonal aches and pains?
As we age, it is common to experience some level of discomfort in our hands or fingers during the winter months. However, it is important to distinguish between general soreness and arthritis.
Typical signs of arthritis include joint swelling, stiffness after rest, a gradual loss of motion, and sometimes a grating or catching sensation when moving the joint. In the fingers, arthritis may also cause the joints to develop a knobbly appearance or small cysts over the knuckles.
Cold or numb fingers: When should you be concerned?
Reduced blood flow to the fingers is a common problem in winter, particularly among older adults.
Wearing warm gloves or using hand warmers can usually help manage this symptom. However, if your fingers turn white or blue in response to cold, you may have Raynaud’s Phenomenon, a condition that should be discussed with your doctor.
Additionally, persistent numbness that does not resolve once your hands warm up could indicate a nerve-related issue, which also warrants medical evaluation.
Should older adults exercise their hands?
While some age-related loss of hand strength is normal, signs such as increasing clumsiness, frequent dropping of objects, or difficulty performing daily activities (like buttoning shirts or handling jewellery) should not be ignored. These symptoms are not an inevitable part of ageing and should prompt a professional assessment.
Regular hand-strengthening exercises are generally beneficial and can help maintain function, but they should be tailored to your individual needs.
Current treatment options for hand arthritis
First-line treatments for hand arthritis still include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or prescription options like meloxicam and celecoxib).
Cortisone injections can also be effective in controlling pain and inflammation. Emerging treatments such as fat grafting (including stem cell therapy) show promise but require further research before becoming standard care.
Surgical treatment for arthritis is evolving rapidly, with new implants and minimally invasive techniques now available to address arthritis in the wrist, hand, and fingers. These innovations are expanding treatment options and improving outcomes for many patients in Cape Town and beyond.
Looking After Your Hands This Winter
Cold weather can noticeably affect your hands and joints. You may experience occasional stiffness or more persistent discomfort. Some symptoms are normal with seasonal changes. However, others might show underlying issues that need attention.
If you have ongoing pain, numbness, or trouble with daily tasks, don’t ignore it. Consulting a specialist can help you understand your symptoms and explore the best treatment options to maintain comfort and hand function throughout the year.
